Psychological foundation of curriculum

Behaviorism

• Behaviorism is a perspective on learning that focuses on changers in individuals' observable behaviors- changes in what people say or do
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Cognitivism

• Cognitive theories of learning focus on the minds or an attempt to show how information is received, assimilated, stored and recalled. The "stage theory" that was proposed by Atkinson and Shriffin (1968) argue that information is received, processed and stored in three different stages. This theory was also been described as the information processing approach

 

Constructivism

• Is a perspective on learning focus on how student activity create or construct knowledge out of experience.The main idea of psychological construction is that the person learns by mentally organizing and re-organizing new information or experience. The organization happens partly by relating new experiences to prior knowledge that is already meaningful and well understood.

Humanism  

• The learner is a person who has feelings, attitudes and emotions. Emotions such as self-efficacy, self-assurance, intrinsic and extrinsic motivation determine how a student approaches learning